What does the elevator control in an aircraft?

The elevator is a crucial flight control surface located at the tail of an aircraft, primarily responsible for controlling the aircraft's pitch. Pitch refers to the angle of the aircraft's nose in relation to the horizon. When a pilot moves the control yoke or stick forward or backward, the elevator adjusts its position, causing the tail of the aircraft to rise or lower.

When the elevator is deflected upwards, it generates a downward force on the tail, which causes the nose of the aircraft to tilt upward, resulting in an increase in pitch and elevation. Conversely, if the elevator is deflected downward, the tail experiences an upward force, causing the nose to tilt downwards and resulting in a decrease in pitch.

Understanding the role of the elevator in managing pitch is essential for pilots, as it directly affects an aircraft's ascent and descent during flight. Therefore, the correct choice correctly identifies the primary function of the elevator as controlling pitch.